Maharashtra Board Class 12 Physics Important Topics 2027
Every topic ranked by how often and how recently it was asked in 8 past board papers (2022–2026).
Top 10 most important topics
| # | Topic | Chapter | Asked in | Importance |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Force on a current-carrying conductor and moving coil galvanometer | Magnetic Fields due to Electric Current | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★★★ |
| 2 | Bohr's model of the atom and spectra | Structure of Atoms and Nuclei | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| 3 | Surface tension and surface energy | Mechanical Properties of Fluids | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 4 | Zeroth and first law of thermodynamics | Thermodynamics | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 5 | Simple harmonic motion (SHM) equations | Oscillations | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 6 | Thermodynamic processes (isothermal, adiabatic) | Thermodynamics | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 7 | Black-body radiation and laws (Wien, Stefan-Boltzmann) | Kinetic Theory of Gases and Radiation | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 8 | Interference and Young's double-slit experiment | Wave Optics | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 9 | Magnetic dipole moment and torque | Magnetic Materials | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| 10 | Self and mutual inductance | Electromagnetic Induction | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
Chapter-wise important topics
Rotational Dynamics · Mechanics & Properties of Matter
| Banking of roads and vertical circular motion asked 10× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Moment of inertia and radius of gyration asked 9× | Board 2022Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Torque and angular momentum / conservation asked 7× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Circular motion and centripetal force asked 2× | Board 2024Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Rolling motion and kinetic energy asked 1× | Board 2022 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Mechanical Properties of Fluids · Mechanics & Properties of Matter
| Surface tension and surface energy asked 14× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Viscosity and Stokes' law asked 8× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Angle of contact and capillarity asked 5× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Pressure and Pascal's law asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Bernoulli's equation and applications asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Kinetic Theory of Gases and Radiation · Heat & Thermodynamics
| Black-body radiation and laws (Wien, Stefan-Boltzmann) asked 11× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Assumptions and pressure of an ideal gas asked 6× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Degrees of freedom and law of equipartition asked 4× | Board 2024Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Mean free path and RMS speed asked 2× | Board 2022Board 2023 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Thermodynamics · Heat & Thermodynamics
| Zeroth and first law of thermodynamics asked 14× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Thermodynamic processes (isothermal, adiabatic) asked 12× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Second law and heat engines asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Oscillations · Mechanics & Properties of Matter
| Simple harmonic motion (SHM) equations asked 13× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Damped and forced oscillations, resonance asked 2× | Board 2023Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Energy in SHM asked 2× | Board 2024Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Simple pendulum and its period asked 2× | Board 2022Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Superposition of Waves · Mechanics & Properties of Matter
| Stationary waves and harmonics asked 8× | Board 2022Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Vibrations of strings and air columns asked 7× | Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Beats asked 4× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Principle of superposition and interference asked 2× | Board 2022Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Wave Optics · Optics
| Interference and Young's double-slit experiment asked 11× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Resolving power and polarisation asked 7× | Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Huygens' principle and wavefronts asked 6× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Diffraction at a single slit asked 1× | Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Electrostatics · Electricity & Magnetism
| Electric potential and potential energy asked 10× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Capacitors and capacitance asked 7× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Gauss's law and applications asked 3× | Board 2025Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Dielectrics and energy stored asked 3× | Board 2022Board 2024Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Current Electricity · Electricity & Magnetism
| Potentiometer and its applications asked 7× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Wheatstone bridge and meter bridge asked 4× | Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Kirchhoff's laws asked 2× | Board 2025Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Cells, EMF and internal resistance asked 1× | Board 2022 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Magnetic Fields due to Electric Current · Electricity & Magnetism
| Force on a current-carrying conductor and moving coil galvanometer asked 21× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★★★ |
| Biot-Savart law asked 8× | Board 2022Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Magnetic field of a solenoid / toroid asked 3× | Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Ampere's law and applications asked 2× | Board 2022Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Magnetic Materials · Electricity & Magnetism
| Magnetic dipole moment and torque asked 10× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Magnetic susceptibility and permeability asked 7× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Dia-, para- and ferromagnetism asked 4× | Board 2024Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Hysteresis asked 2× | Board 2023Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Electromagnetic Induction · Electricity & Magnetism
| Self and mutual inductance asked 11× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★☆☆ |
| Eddy currents, generator and transformer asked 6× | Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Motional EMF asked 5× | Board 2022Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Faraday's and Lenz's laws asked 3× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
AC Circuits · Electricity & Magnetism
| AC through resistor, inductor and capacitor asked 8× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Impedance and phasor diagrams asked 7× | Board 2022Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Power in AC circuit and power factor asked 4× | Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Series LCR circuit and resonance asked 2× | Board 2022Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter · Modern Physics & Electronics
| Photoelectric effect and Einstein's equation asked 9× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| de Broglie wavelength and matter waves asked 6× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Work function and threshold frequency asked 3× | Board 2022Board 2025Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Photon and its properties asked 2× | Board 2025Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Structure of Atoms and Nuclei · Modern Physics & Electronics
| Bohr's model of the atom and spectra asked 18× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★★★☆ |
| Radioactivity and decay law asked 4× | Board 2023Board 2025Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
| Nuclear size, mass defect and binding energy asked 1× | Board 2024 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Semiconductor Devices · Modern Physics & Electronics
| Zener diode and special diodes (LED, photodiode, solar cell) asked 8× | Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Transistor and logic gates asked 8× | Board 2022Board 2023Board 2024Board 2025Board 2026 | ★★☆☆☆ |
| Rectifiers (half and full wave) asked 4× | Board 2022Board 2025Board 2026 | ★☆☆☆☆ |
Importance = how often a topic was asked × how recent, with extra weight for the latest official sample paper.